Principle of the Test Phospholin ES is an activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) reagent using ellagic acid as the activator. PTT test and APTT test reagents contain a phospholipid component but, unlike a PT reagent, no coagulation protein component. APTT test reagents contain an activator to help initiate the coagulation cascade whereas PTT test reagents do not. Ellagic acid, a negatively charged molecule, acts as a negatively charged surface and activates the contact pathway through Factors XII and XI, which in turn activates FIX to FIXa. FIXa then activates FX to Xa, and the coagulation cascade proceeds through the common pathway. The APTT is performed by adding one volume of Phospholin ES to one volume of citrated patient plasma, incubating for 3 to 5 minutes (dependent upon the instrument application), and then initiating the reaction with one volume of 25 mM CaCl2. The time to clot after the addition of the CaCl2 is recorded as the clot time. Reporting Units APTT results are reported as the actual clot time in seconds. For monitoring anticoagulant drugs the results are often expressed as a multiple of the mean normal time.

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